Category: The Torah

An endorsement of this article by Ellen White–

I believe the Sanctuary, to be cleansed at the end of the 2300 days, is the New Jerusalem Temple, of which Christ is a minister. The Lord showed me in vision, more than one year ago, that Brother Crosier had the true light, on the cleansing of the Sanctuary, &c.; and that it was his will, that Brother C. should write out the view which he gave us in the Day-Star, Extra, February 7, 1846. I feel fully authorized by the Lord, to recommend that Extra, to every saint. (Ellen White, “A Word to the Little Flock,” p. 12)

by O. R. L. Crosier

“Remember ye the Law of Moses, my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments.” Mal. 4:4.
The commandment of this verse to remember the law of Moses, is the last one in the O.T., and given in connection with a prophetic description of “the great and dreadful day of the Lord.” as though the law contained something further descriptive of that day. Perhaps we have paid too little attention to the law, not seeing its import and the light it was designed to shed on “the good things to come.” Our Savior and the apostles taught from Moses as well as the prophets “the things concerning himself.”
The Mosaic law is what Paul in Hebrews calls the First Covenant, which the Lord, made with the “Fathers when he took them by the hand, to lead them out of the land of Egypt,” Hebrews 8:8,9; Jer. 31:32; 1Kg. 8:9. This was not the covenant of promises made with Abraham, nor does it at all affect that. The covenant of promise made to Abraham and his seed, Christ, was confirmed 430 years before the Law was given, and “no man disannulleth or addeth thereto.” “And this I say, That the covenant that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the Law, which was 430 years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of God of none effect;” Gal. 3:17. The inheritance is not of the Law, but of promise; vs. 18. Hence righteousness comes not by the Law, but by faith in the promises. “Wherefore then serveth the law It was added because of transgressions, till the seed should come to whom the promise was made;” ver. 19. in the day that Abraham “believed the Lord, and he counted it to him for righteousness,” he made a covenant with him saying, “Unto thy seed have I given this land, from the river of Egypt unto the great river, the river Euphrates;” Gen. 15. At the same time he assured him of the 400 years afflictions, at the end of which he delivered Israel from Egypt, and gave them the Law, which he called a covenant, in Horeb, near Sinai; see 2 Ch. 5:10; Ex. 24:3-8; 34:27, 28; Deu. 5:1-3. “The Lord our God made a covenant with us in Horeb. The Lord made not this covenant with our fathers, but with me, even us, who are all of us here alive this day.” This covenant was to continue only “till the seed (Christ) should come; then “a new covenant” was made; Is. 42:1, 6; 49:5-9. He confirmed the (margin a) covenant, the new one, (Dan. 9:27,) the Gospel; Mark 1:14, 15; Mat. 4:23. “These are the two covenants,” and neither of them the Abrahamic, but both involved in that in its comprehensive sense. Paul contrasts these two covenants, calling the latter the “better covenant,” the “perfect;” whereas the former, “the Law, made nothing perfect;” but only had “a figure,” “patterns,” “a shadow of the good things to come,” “but the body,” the substances of those legal shadows, is of Christ.
The Law should be studied and “remembered” as a simplified model of the great system of redemption, containing symbolic representations of the work begun by our Savior at his first advent, when he “came to fulfil the Law,” and to be completed in “the redemption of the purchased possession unto the praise of His glory.” Redemption is deliverance purchased by the payment of a ransom, hence it cannot be complete till man and the earth shall be delivered from the subjection and consequences of sin; the last act of deliverance will be at the end of the 1000 years. To this the shadow of the Law extended. That the significance of the Law reaches beyond the first advent is evident from these considerations:”
1. The cleansing of the Sanctuary formed a part of the legal service, (Lev. 16: 20: 33,) and its antitype was not to be cleansed till the end of the 2300 days; Dan 8:14.
2. The Sabbaths under the Law typify the great Sabbath, the seventh millennium; Heb. 4:3.
3. The Jubilee typifies the release and return to their possessions of all captive Israel, this cannot be fulfilled till the resurrection of the just.
4. The autumnal types were none of them fulfilled at the first advent.
5. The legal tenth day atonement was not, neither could it be fulfilled at that time.

Although he blotted out the hand writing of ordinances that was against us, which was contrary to us, and took it out of the way, nailing it to his cross; yet, after his resurrection, both he and his apostles made use of the law in proof of his Messiahship. He was buried and arose, and shed down the Holy Ghost in direct fulfillment of the types, which would not have been the case if the significance of the law had terminated at the cross. In fact his anointing and crucifixion were only the beginning of its fulfillment, as being the beginning of that great system of redemption whose shadows were contained in the law. All will admit that some of the types have been fulfilled and that others have not. As they are yet to be fulfilled, it becomes us to remember and study the law to learn their nature and import.

THE LEGAL TYPES AND ANTITYPES

That some of the legal types have met their antitypes is beyond controversy. By learning the manner of their fulfillment, and the principle as to time on which they are fulfilled, we can the more understandingly proceed to the investigation of the other types. There are two classes of yearly types — the Vernal and the Autumnal; Lev. 23. The former met their antitypes at the first Advent, but the latter are to be fulfilled in connection with and after the second Advent.
The vernal types were the Passover 14th 1st month, the feast of unleavened bread, 15th to 22nd 1st month, waving of the first fruits 16th 1st month, and the feast of weeks or Pentecost 50 days after (in) the 3rd month. Lev. 23:1-21.
Our Savior was scrupulously precise in (commencing) their fulfillment at the very times they were respectively observed under the Law, as the brethren have repeatedly shown. But we have evidently erred in circumscribing the latitude of their fulfillment, they being fulfilled during the Gospel Dispensation.
The Passover. 1 Cor. 15:3; “For I delivered unto you first of all, that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures.” 1 Cor. 5:7 “Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us,” Paul considered it of the first importance to deliver unto us the fact that Christ died for our sins in fulfillment of the slaying of the Paschal lamb. This he received from the law, though the law nowhere says the words that his crucifixion should be the antitype of slaying the Paschal lamb; yet so clear was the fulfillment that it furnished unanswerable proof that Jesus was the Messiah.
The Jews could not lay hands on him till his hour had come, then, being “brought as a lamb to the slaughter,” he expired, “our Passover,” in the very month, day, and hour, of slaying the legal Passover. It is ascertained that the Paschal antitype began at the crucifixion; but where must it end? Let the Savior answer. Luke 22:15-18 “And he said unto them, With desire I have desired to eat this passover with you before I suffer; for I say unto you will not any more at thereof till it be fulfilled in the Kingdom of God. And he took the cup and gave thanks, and said, Take this, and divide it among yourselves. For I say unto you, I will not drink of the fruit of the vine until the Kingdom of God shall come.” The Paschal feast must be “fulfilled in the Kingdom of God,” which according to ver. 18, was then and is yet to “come.” The Paschal antitype is not finished. The Lord instituted his Supper for the New Covenant in place of the Paschal feast of old, and as oft as we do it we show forth his death till he comes. One extreme of the Paschal antitype is his death, and the other his second coming,
hence it spans and is fulfilled during the Gospel Dispensation.
The Feast of unleavened bread, in the antitype appears to run parallel with the Paschal antitype. 1 Cor. 5: 7, 8; “Purge out therefore, the old leaven that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us. Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.” The type was carnal, the bread made of grains, the antitype spiritual, the bread is truth, the Word of God received in sincerity. The bitter herbs with which it was eaten seem fitly to typify the afflictive trials of Christians in this state. As they began on the 14th at the Passover to eat unleavened bread and bitter herbs, so the afflictive trials of the church began when the “Shepherd was smitten and the sheep scattered;” but they will end and the Bible be superseded “when the Chief of Shepherd shall appear” and gather the “flock of slaughter” with joy to our beloved Zion.
First Fruits. This was a handful of the first ripe fruit or grain. 1 Cor. 15:4, 20, 23; Ac. 26:23, show that Christ “rose again the third day according to the scriptures,” “the first fruits of them that slept,” thus laying the
foundation of the resurrection to life. The fruits appear to be connected with.
The Feast of Weeks, at which two loaves of the new flour baked with leaven were waved before the Lord. “When the day of Pentecost was fully come,” the Holy Ghost, the principle of life, came upon the disciples. This, which is the only thing recorded as the antitype of the feast of weeks, is to abide with the church till it shall quicken the bodies of the saints “at his coming.” It must now appear evident that the vernal antitypes having begun with the opening of the Gospel Dispensation will close with its close.

From analogy we must conclude that the autumnal antitypes will occupy a period of time relative to that occupied by their types in somewhat the proportion of the vernal antitypes. In other words, the period of their fulfillment must constitute a dispensation of many years.

THE SANCTUARY

The Sanctuary was the heart of the typical system. There the Lord placed His name, manifested His glory, and held converse with the High Priest relative to the welfare of Israel. While we inquire from the Scriptures what the Sanctuary is, let all educational prejudice be dismissed from the mind. For the Bible clearly defines, what the Sanctuary is, and answers every reasonable question you may ask concerning it.
The name, Sanctuary, is applied to several different things in the Old Testament, neither did the Wonderful Numberer, tell Daniel what Sanctuary was to be cleansed at the end of the 2300 days, but called it the Sanctuary, as though Daniel well understood it, and that he did is evident from the fact that he did not ask what it was. But as it has now become a matter of dispute as to what the Sanctuary is, our only safety lies in seeking from the New Testament, the Divine comment upon it. Its decision should place the matter beyond all controversy with Christians.
Paul freely discusses this subject in the Epistle to the Hebrews, to whom the typical covenant pertained. “Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary. (Hebrews 13:11, see Hebrews 9:1-5.)
“For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread; which is called (Hagia) Holy. “And after the second veil, the tabernacle which is called the (Hagia Hagion) Holy of Holies; “Which had the golden censer, and the ark of the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot that had manna, and Aaron’s rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant; “And over it the cherubims of glory overshadowing the mercy-seat; of which we cannot now speak particularly.”
A particular description is found in the last four books of the Pentateuch. “Sanctuary” was the first name the Lord gave it; Exodus 25:8 which name covers not only the tabernacle with its two apartments, but also the court and all the vessels of the ministry. This Paul calls the Sanctuary of the first covenant, “which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sacrifices;” Hebrews 9:9.
“But Christ being come an High Priest of good things to come by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands;” verse 11. The priests entered the “figures” or “patterns of the true”, which true are the “heavenly places themselves”, into which Christ entered when He entered “heaven itself”; verses 23, 24. When He ascended to the right hand of the Father, “in the heavens”, He became “A Minister of the Sanctuary (or Hagion, Holies) and of the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched and not man;” Hebrews 8:1,2. That is the Sanctuary of the “better (the new) covenant;” verse 6.
The Sanctuary to be cleansed at the end of 2300 days is also the Sanctuary of the new covenant, for the vision of the treading down and cleansing, is after the crucifixion. We see that the Sanctuary of the new covenant is not on earth, but in heaven. The true tabernacle which forms a part of the new covenant Sanctuary, was made and pitched by the Lord, in contradistinction to that of the first covenant which was made and pitched by man, in obedience to the command of God; Exodus 25:8.
Now what does the same apostle say the Lord has pitched? “A city which hath foundations whose builder and maker is God;” Hebrews 11:10. What is its name? “The heavenly Jerusalem;” Hebrews 12:22; Revelation 21. “A building of God, an house not made with hands eternal in the heavens;” 2 Corinthians 5:1. “My Father’s house of many mansions;” John 14:2. When our Savior was at Jerusalem, and had pronounced its house desolate, the disciples came to Him to show Him the buildings of the temple. Then He said: “There shall not be left here one stone upon another that shall not be thrown down:” Matthew 24:1,2. That temple was their Sanctuary; 1 Chronicles 22:17-19; 28:9-13; 2 Chronicles 29:5,21; 36:14,17. Such an announcement would tend to fill them with sadness and fear, as foretelling the derangement, if not the total prostration of their entire religious system. But to comfort and teach them, He says, “In My Father’s house are MANY MANSIONS;” John 14:1-3.
Standing, as He was, on the dividing line between the typical covenant and the anti-typical, and having just declared the house of the former no longer valid, and foretold its destruction; how natural that He should point His disciples to the Sanctuary of the latter, about which their affections and interests were to cluster as they had about that of the former. The Sanctuary of the new covenant is connected with New Jerusalem, like the Sanctuary of the first covenant was with Old Jerusalem. As that was the place where the priests of that covenant ministered, so this is in heaven, the place where the Priest of the new covenant ministers. To these places, and these only, the New Testament applies the name “Sanctuary”, and it does appear that this should forever set the question at rest.
But as we have been so long and industriously taught to look to the earth for the Sanctuary, it may be proper to inquire, by what Scriptural authority have we been thus taught? I can find none. If others can, let them produce it. Let it be remembered that the definition of Sanctuary is “a holy or sacred place”. Is the earth, is Palestine such a place? Their entire contents answer, No! Was Daniel so taught? Look at his vision. “And the place of His Sanctuary was cast down;” Daniel 8:11. This casting down was in the days and by the means of the Roman power; therefore, the Sanctuary of this text was not the Earth, nor Palestine, because the former was cast down at the fall, more than 4,000 years, and the latter at the captivity, more than 700 years previous to the event of this passage, and neither by Roman agency.
The Sanctuary cast down is His against whom Rome magnified himself, which was the Prince of the host, Jesus Christ; and Paul teaches that His Sanctuary is in heaven. Again, Daniel 11:30,31, “For the ships of Chittim shall come against him; therefore, shall he be grieved and return, and have indignation (the staff to chastise) against the holy covenant (Christianity), so shall he do; he shall even return and have intelligence with them (priests and bishops) that forsake the holy covenant. “And arms (civil and religious) shall stand on his part, and they (Rome and those that forsake the holy covenant) shall pollute the Sanctuary of strength.” What was this that Rome and the apostles of Christianity should joint pollute? This combination was formed against the “holy covenant”, and it was the Sanctuary of that covenant they polluted; which they could do as well as to pollute the name of God; Jeremiah 34:16; Ezekiel 20; Malachi 1:7. This was the same as profaning or blaspheming His name. In this sense this “politico-religious” beast polluted the Sanctuary, (Revelation 13:6), and cast it down from its place in heaven, (Psalm 102:19; Jeremiah 17:12; Hebrews 8:1,2) when they called Rome the holy city, (Revelation 21:2) and installed the Pope there with the titles, “Lord God the Pope”, “Holy Father”, “Head of the Church”, etc., and there, in the counterfeit, “temple of God”, he professes to do what Jesus actually does in His Sanctuary; 2 Thessalonians 2:1-8. The Sanctuary has been trodden under foot (Daniel 8:13), the same as the Son of God has. (Hebrews 10:29.)
Daniel prayed “Cause Thy face to shine upon Thy Sanctuary that is desolate;” Daniel 9:17. This was the typical Sanctuary built by Solomon. “Thou hast commanded me to build a temple upon Thy Holy Mount, and an altar in the city wherein Thou dwellest, a resemblance of Thy Holy tabernacle, which Thou hast prepared from the beginning;” Wisdom of Solomon 9:8; 1 Chronicles 28:10-13. It has shared in the seventy years desolation of Jerusalem; Daniel 9:2; 2 Chronicles 36:14-21. It was rebuilt after the captivity; Nehemiah 10:39. Moses received the patterns of the Sanctuary, built at Sinai when he was with the Lord forty days in the cloud on the Mount; and David received the patterns of that built by Solomon, which superseded Moses’ with its chambers, porches, courts, the courses of the priests and Levites, and all the vessels of service, etc., “by the Spirit;” 1 Chronicles 28:10-13.
It is manifest that both Moses and David had prophetic visions of the New Jerusalem with its Sanctuary and Christ, the officiating Priest. When that built by Moses was superseded by Solomon’s, the Ark was borne from the former to the latter; 2 Chronicles 5:2-8. The Sanctuary comprehended not only the Tabernacle, but also all the vessels of the ministry, enclosed by the court in which the tabernacle stood; Numbers 3:29-31; 10:17,21. So the court in which the Temple stood was properly called the Sanctuary — Prideaux. We learn the same from 2 Chronicles 29:18,21. “We have cleansed all the house of the Lord, and the altar of burnt-offering, with all the vessels thereof, and the shew-bread table with all the vessels thereof.”
The altar of burnt-offering with its vessels stood before the Temple in the inner court, the whole of which are in verse 21 called the Sanctuary. Well, says one, is not Palestine called the Sanctuary? I think not. Exodus 15:17 – – “Thou shalt bring them in and plant them in the mountain of Thine inheritance, in the place, O Lord, which Thou hast made for Thee to dwell in; in the Sanctuary, O Lord, which Thy hands have established.”
What is it which the Lord “has made to dwell in”, which His “hands have established”? Paul says it is “A city;” Hebrews 11:10; a “Tabernacle”, Hebrews 8:2; “A building in the heavens,” 2 Corinthians 5:1. And the Lord has chosen Mount Zion in Palestine for the place of its final location; Psalm 132:13,14. “For the Lord hath chosen Zion; He hath desired it for His habitation. “This is My rest forever; here will I dwell; for I have desired it.”
“He brought them to the border of the Sanctuary, even to this mountain;” Psalm 78:54; which was its chosen border or place; but not the Sanctuary itself, any more than Mount Moriah, on which the Temple was built, was the Temple itself. Did they regard that land as the Sanctuary? If they did not, we should not. A view of the text in which the word occurs will show: “Let them make Me a Sanctuary;” Exodus 25:8. “The shekel of the Sanctuary,” Exodus 30:13 and above twenty others like it. “Then wrought Bezaleel and Aholiab, and every wise-hearted man, in whom the Lord put wisdom and understanding to know how to work all manner of work for the service of the Sanctuary,” Exodus 26:1-6, see Exodus 36:1. “Before the veil of the Sanctuary,” Leviticus 4:6. “Carry your brethren from before the Sanctuary,” Leviticus 10:4. “Nor come into the Sanctuary;” Leviticus
12:4. “He shall make atonement for the tabernacle;” Leviticus 16:33. “Reverence My Sanctuary;” Leviticus 19:30; 26:2. “Nor profane the Sanctuary of his God;” Leviticus 21:12. “Vessels of the Sanctuary;” Numbers 3:31. “Charge of the Sanctuary;” Numbers 3:32,38. “They minister in the Sanctuary;” Numbers 4:12. “In the Sanctuary, and the vessels thereof.” Verse 16. “And when Aaron and his sons have made an end of covering the Sanctuary and all the vessels of the Sanctuary, as the camp is to set forward; after that the sons of Kohath shall come to bear it;” Numbers 4:15; 7:9; 10:21. “That there be no plague among the children of Israel when the children of Israel come nigh unto the Sanctuary;” Numbers 8:19. “Thou and thy sons and thy Father’s house with thee shall bear the iniquity of the Sanctuary;” Numbers 18:1. “He hath defiled the Sanctuary of his God;” Numbers 19:20. Joshua “took a great stone and set it up there under an oak that was by the Sanctuary of the Lord.” Joshua 24:26. “All the instruments of the Sanctuary.” 1 Chronicles 9:29. “Build ye the Sanctuary;” 1 Chronicles 22:19. “Governors of the Sanctuary;” 1 Chronicles 24:5. “The Lord hath chosen thee to build an house for the Sanctuary;” 1 Chronicles 28:10; 2 Chronicles 20:8. “Go out of the Sanctuary;” 2 Chronicles 26:18; 29:21; 30:8. “Purification of the Sanctuary;” 2 Chronicles 30:19; 36:17.
I have given nearly every text, and, I believe, every different form of expression in which the word occurs till we come to the Psalms; so that every one can see what they understood the Sanctuary to be. And of the fifty texts quoted, not one applies it to the land of Palestine, nor any land. That Sanctuary, though enclosed with curtains, was called “the house of the Lord,” (Judges 18:31; 1 Samuel 1:7-24) and was pitched at the city of Shiloah at the time of dividing the land; Judges 18:1,10, hence it was called the “Tabernacle of Shiloah,” (safety and happiness) Psalms 78:60. The Lord forsook it when the Philistines took the ark (1 Samuel 4:3-11) and delivered His strength into captivity, and His glory into the enemy’s hand; verse 21.

It was brought back to Kirjath-jearim (1 Samuel 7:1,2), thence to the house of Obed-edom, thence to the city of David which is Zion, (2 Samuel 6:1-19; 5:9) and thence, at the direction of Solomon, the Ark was conveyed into the Holy of Holies of the temple (1 Kings 8:1-6), which was built in Mount Moriah near Mount Zion; 2 Chronicles 3:1. The Lord has chosen Zion to dwell in rest forever; (Psalms 132:13,14) but as yet He had dwelt there but a short time, and then in curtains made with hands; but when He shall appear in His glory He will have “mercy on Zion” and build it up; then Jerusalem upon it, shall be “a quiet habitation, a tabernacle that shall not be taken down;” (Psalm 102; Isaiah 33:20). And then “the people shall dwell in Zion at Jerusalem;” verses 18,19. The Song of Moses, (Exodus 15) is evidently prophetic, and contemplates the happy scenes of the Eden Zion. And so Ezekiel has it. The Lord will bring the whole house of Israel up out of their graves into the land of Israel; and then set His Sanctuary and tabernacle in the midst of them for evermore. The Sanctuary is not “the land of Israel” nor the people; for it is set in their midst, and is built and forms a part of the city whose name is, “The Lord is there.”

THE PRIESTHOOD OF CHRIST

The priesthood of the worldly Sanctuary of the first covenant belonged to the sons of Levi; but that of the heavenly, of the better covenant, to the Son of God. He fulfills both the Priesthood of Melchizedek and Aaron. In some respects the Priesthood of Christ resembles that of Melchizedek; and in others that of Aaron or Levi.
1. He was “made an High Priest forever, after the order of Melchizedek.” Taxis, rendered order, properly signifies “series, succession.” Christ, like Melchizedek, had no priestly descent of pedigree; Hebrews 7:3 (margin) i.e. He never followed nor will have a successor in office; and “because He continueth ever, hath an unchangeable Priesthood,” (which passeth not from one to another; margin) verse 24. The Priesthood of Levi to be continuous had many and a succession of priests, “because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death;” verse 23.
2. Being after the order of Melchizedek, He is superior to the sons of Levi; because He blessed and received tithes from them in Abraham; verses 1,7,9,10.
3. He is King and Priest; a King by birth, being from the tribe of Judah, and a Priest by the oath of His Father; verses 14, 21.
4. Being Himself perfect, and His priesthood unending, He is able to “perfect forever” and “save them to the uttermost that come unto God by Him, seeing He ever liveth to make intercession for them.”
He was not called after the order of Aaron; i.e. not in his succession; but this does not at all prove that the Priesthood of Aaron was not typical of the Priesthood of Christ. Paul distinctly shows that it is:
After calling upon us to “consider the Apostle and High Priest of our profession (or religion), Christ Jesus,” he lays the foundation of the investigation by drawing the analogy between Moses over his house (oikos, people) and Christ over His,
(1) (Hebrews 3:1-6) and says: “Moses verily was faithful in all his house, as a servant, for a testimony of those things which were to be spoken after.” This clearly shows that the Mosaic economy was typical of the divine.
(2) He shows that He was called of God to be an High Priest “as was Aaron;” Hebrews 5:1-5.
(3) Like Aaron and his sons, He took upon Him flesh and blood, the seed of Abraham, “was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin,” was made “perfect through suffering,” and “in all things it behooved Him to be made like unto His brethren; that He might be a merciful and faithful High Priest in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people;” Hebrews 2:4.
[# 4 WAS SKIPPED — THIS IS THE NUMBERING Of THE ORIGINAL ARTICLE.]
(5) Both were ordained for men in things pertaining to God: that (they might) offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins;” Hebrews 5:1; 8:3.
(6) Paul evidently considered the Levitical priesthood typical of Christ’s from the pains he takes to explain the analogies and contrasts between them;
(7) “And they truly were many priests, because they were not suffered to continue by reason of death: but this Man, because He continueth ever, hath an unchangeable priesthood.”
(8) “Who needeth not daily, as those high priests to offer up sacrifices, first for His own sins, and then for the people’s; for this He did once when He offered up Himself.”
(9) “For the law maketh men high priests which have infirmity; but the word of the oath which was since the law, maketh the Son who is consecrated (perfected, margin) for evermore;” Hebrews 7:23-28.
(10) “But now hath He obtained a more excellent ministry” than theirs; Heb 8:6.
(11) “By how much also He is the mediator of a better covenant” than theirs; Hebrews 8:6.
(12) “But Christ being come an High Priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle” than theirs; Hebrews 9:11.
(13) “Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by His own blood, He entered in once into the holy place.” verse 12.
(14) “For if the blood of bulls and of goats and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh; how much more shall the blood of Christ, who, through the eternal spirit offered Himself without spot to God purge your conscience;” verses 13, 14.
(15) “For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself; verse 24.
(16) “Nor yet that He should offer Himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others;” but now once in the end of the world hath He appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself;” verses 25, 26.
(17) “And as it is appointed unto (the) men (priests) once to die, but after this the judgment: so Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for Him shall He appear the second time without sin unto salvation.” verses 27, 28.
(18) “For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually, make the comers thereunto perfect;” but “by one offering He hath perfected forever them that are sanctified;” Hebrews 10:14.
(19) “It is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins;” “but a body hast Thou
prepared Me;” verses 4, 5.
These are a part of the contrasts or comparisons the Apostle draws between the Levitical priesthood and
Christ’s, and there is a resemblance in every instance, but Christ’s is superior to Levi’s. — I add one more. Hebrews 8:4,5. “For if He were on earth He should not be a priest, seeing that there (many, they) are priests that offer gifts according to the law: Who serve unto the example and shadow of heavenly things.”
The features of the substance always bear a resemblance to those of the shadow, hence the “heavenly things” referred to in this text must be priestly service “in the heavens” (verses 1,2) performed by our High Priest in His Sanctuary; for if the shadow is service, the substance is service also.
As the priests of the law served unto the example and shadow of the heavenly service we can from their service learn something of the nature of the heavenly service. “Moses was admonished of God when he was about to make the tabernacle; for, see (saith he) that thou make all things according to the pattern showed to thee in the Mount.”
None can deny that, in obedience to this admonition, Moses made or instituted the Levitical priesthood; it was then “according to the pattern” which the Lord showed him, and that pattern was of heavenly things, Hebrews 9:23. If there was not another text to prove that the Levitical priesthood was typical of the Divine, this would abundantly do it. Yet some are even denying this obvious import of the priesthood; but if this is not its import, I can see no meaning in it. It is an idle round of ceremonies without sense or use, as it did not perfect those for whom it was performed; but looked upon as typical of the heavenly, it is replete with the most important instruction. As this is the application made of it by the New Testament, so we must regard it, while we examine the atonement made under the Levitical priesthood.
“Now when these things (the worldly Sanctuary with its two apartments and the furniture in each) were thus ordained, the priests went always (daily, Hebrews 7:27; 10:11) into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the service of God. “But into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people.” Hebrews 9:6,7.
Here Paul divides the services of the Levitical priesthood into two classes — one daily in the Holy, and the other yearly in the Holy of Holies. Their stated daily services, performed in the Holy and at the brazen altar in the court before the tabernacle, consisted of a burnt-offering of two lambs, one in the morning and the other at even, with a meat-offering which was one tenth of an ephah of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil, and a drink-offering which was one-fourth of an hin of strong wine. The meat-offering was burnt with the lamb, and the drink-offering was poured in the Holy; Exodus 29:38-42; Numbers 28:3-8. In connection with this, they burned on the golden altar in the Holy, sweet incense, which was a very rich perfume, when they dressed and lighted the lamps every evening and morning. Exodus 30:34-38; 31:11; 30:7-9. The same was afterwards done at the Temple. 1 Chronicles 16:37- 40; 2 Chronicles 2:4; 13:4-12; (13:3 see 2 Chronicles 31:3) Ezra 3:3.
This did not atone for sins either individually or collectively. The daily service described was a sort of continual intercession; but the making of atonement was a special work for which special directions are given. Different words are used both in the Old Testament and New, to express the same idea as At-one-ment.
Examples. — The italicized words are, in the text, synonymous with atone or atonement.
Exodus 29:36; “Thou shalt cleanse the altar when thou hast made an atonement for it.”
Leviticus 12:8; “The priest shall make an atonement for her and she shall be clean.”
Leviticus 14:2; “This shall be the law of the leper in the day of his cleansing.”
Verse 21; “The priest shall make an atonement for him and he shall be clean.” The atonement could not be made for him till after he was healed of the leprosy,
Leviticus 13:45, 46. Till he was healed, he had to dwell alone without the camp.
Then Leviticus 14:3, 4; “The priest shall go forth out of the camp; and the priest shall look, and behold if the plague of the leprosy be healed in the leper; then shall the priest command to take for him that is to be cleansed two birds alive and clean,” etc.
The law was the same in cleansing a house from the leprosy.
Verses 33-57; The stones affected with the plague were removed and the house “scraped within round about” and then repaired with new material.
Physical uncleanness is now all removed and we would call it clean; but not so; it is only just prepared to be cleansed according to the law.
Verse 48; “And he shall take to cleanse the house two birds” etc.
Verse 49; “And he shall cleanse the house with the blood of the bird” etc.
Verses 52, 53; “And make an atonement for the house, and it shall be clean.”
Leviticus 16:18, 19; “And he shall go out unto the altar that is before the Lord, and make an atonement for it.” “And he shall sprinkle of the blood upon it with his finger seven times, and cleanse it and hallow it from the uncleanness of the children of Israel.”
Leviticus 8:15; “And Moses took the blood, and put it upon the horns of the altar round about with his fingers and purified the altar, and poured the blood at the bottom of the altar, and sanctified it, to make reconciliation upon it.”
2 Chronicles 29:29; [see 2 Chronicles 29:24] “And they made reconciliation with their blood upon the altar, to make an atonement for all Israel,”
Jeremiah 33:8; “I will cleanse them from all their iniquities,” “and I will pardon all their iniquities.”
Romans 5:9-11; “Being now justified by His blood,” “by whom we have now received the atonement,”
2 Corinthians 5:17-19; “Who hath reconciled us to Himself by Jesus Christ.”
Ephesians 2:16; “And that He might reconcile both unto God,”
Hebrews 9:13,14; “The blood of bulls sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh; but the blood of Christ shall purge our conscience from dead works.” He is the Mediator for the “redemption of the transgressions,” and to “perfect forever them that are sanctified,”
Hebrews 10:14; Ephesians 1:7; “In whom we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our sins,”
Acts 3:19; “Be converted that your sins may be blotted out.”
From these texts we learn that the words atone, cleanse, reconcile, purify, purge, pardon, sanctify, hallow, forgive, justify, redeem, blot out, and some others, are used to signify, the same work, viz., bringing into favor with God; and in all cases blood is the means, and sometimes blood and water.
The atonement is the great idea of the Law, as well as the Gospel; and as the design of that of the Law was to teach us that of the Gospel, it is very important to be understood. The atonement which the priest made for the people in connection with their daily ministration was different from that made on the tenth day of the seventh month. In making the former, they went no further than in the Holy; but to make the latter they entered the Holy of Holies — the former was made for individual cases, the latter for the whole nation of Israel collectively — the former was made for the forgiveness of sins, the latter for blotting them out — the former could be made at any time, the latter only on the tenth day of the seventh month. Hence the former may be called the daily atonement and the latter the yearly, or the former the individual, and the latter the national atonement.
The individual atonement for the forgiveness of sins was made for a single person, or for the whole congregation in case they were collectively guilty of some sin. The 1st chapter of Leviticus gives directions for the burnt offering, the 2nd for the meat-offering, the 3rd for the peace-offering, and the 4th for the sin-offering, which, as its name implies, was an offering for sins, in which he who offered it attained forgiveness of his sins. The trespass offering, Leviticus 5; 6:1-7, was similar to the sin offering, “If a soul sin through ignorance,” Leviticus 4:2, “when he knoweth of it, then shall he be guilty,” Leviticus 5:3, “And it shall be when he shall be guilty in any of these things, that he shall confess that he hath sinned in that thing,” verse 5.
From Numbers 5:6-8, it appears that confession and restitution are necessary in all cases before the atonement could be made for the individual. “When a man or woman shall commit any sin that man commit, to do a trespass against the Lord, and that person be guilty,” then they shall confess their sin which they have done, and he shall recompense his trespass with the principle thereof, and add unto it the fifth part thereof, and give it unto him against whom he hath trespassed.” Then he or the elders (if it was for the congregation) brought the victim for the sin or trespass-offering to the door of the tabernacle of the congregation on the north side of the altar of burnt offering in the court, Leviticus 4:24; 1:11; 17:1-7, there he (or the elders) laid his hand on its head and killed it, Leviticus 4:2-4, 13-15, 22-24, 27-29. Then, the victim being presented and slain, the priest that was anointed took some of the blood into the Holy, and with his finger sprinkled it before the veil of the Sanctuary and put some of it upon the horns of the altar of incense, then poured the remainder of the blood at the bottom of the altar. Thus he made an atonement for the individual, and his sin was forgiven, Leviticus 4:5-10, 16-20, 25, 26, 30-35. The carcasses of the sin-offering were taken without the camp and burned “in a clean place,” Leviticus 4:11, 12, 21.
It should be distinctly remembered that the priest did not begin his duties till he obtained the blood of the victim, and that they were all performed in the court (the enclosure of the Sanctuary), and that the atonement thus made was only for the forgiveness of sins. These points are expressly taught in this chapter and the following one on the trespass-offering. Here is an atonement, to make which, the priests only entered the Holy, and to make it they could enter that apartment “always” or “daily”. “But into the second (the Holy of Holies) went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people,” (Laos, nation). This defines the yearly to be.
The National Atonement, of which the Lord “speaks particularly” in Leviticus 16: “And the Lord said unto Moses, speak unto Aaron, thy brother, that he come not at all times into the holy place within the veil, before the mercy-seat, which is upon the ark; that he die not: for I will appear in the cloud upon the mercy-seat:” verse 2. For what purpose and when could he enter it? “To make an atonement for all Israel, (the whole nation,) for all their sins once a year” “on the tenth day of the seventh month,” verses 34, 29. This was the most important day of the year. The whole nation having had their sins previously forgiven by the atonement made in the Holy, now assemble about their Sanctuary, while the High Priest, attired in his holy garments for glory and beauty, verse 4, Exodus 28, having the golden bells on the hem of his robe that his sound may be heard when he goeth in before the Lord, the breast-plate of judgment on his heart, with their names therein that he may bear their judgment, also in it the Urim and Thummim (light and perfection), and the plate of pure gold, the holy crown, (Leviticus 8:9, Exodus 28:36), with “HOLINESS TO THE LORD” engraved upon it, placed upon the fore-front of his mitre that he may bear the iniquities of the holy things, enters the Holy of Holies to make an atonement to cleanse them, that they may be clean from all their sins before the Lord, verse 30.
The victims for the atonement of this day were, for the priest himself, a young bullock for a sin-offering, verse 3, and for the people, two goats; one for a sin-offering and the other for the scape-goat, and a ram for a burnt offering, verses 5-8. He killed or caused to be killed the bullock for a sin-offering for himself, verse 11. “Then he shall take a censer full of burning coals of fire from off the altar before the Lord, and his hands full of sweet incense beaten small, and bringing it within the veil; And he shall put the incense upon the fire before the Lord, that the cloud of the incense may cover the mercy-seat that is upon the testimony that he die not. And he shall take of the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it with his finger upon the mercy-seat eastward; and before the mercy-seat shall he sprinkle of the blood with his finger seven times,” verses 12-14. So much in preparation to make an atonement for the people; a description of which follows:
“Then shall he kill the goat of the sin-offering which is for the people and leaving [bring] his blood within the veil, and do with that blood as he did with the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it upon the mercy-seat. And he shall make an atonement for (cleanse, see marginal references,) the holy place (within the veil, verse 2), because of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, because of their transgressions in all their sins: and so shall he do for (i.e. atone for or cleanse), the tabernacle of the congregation (the Holy) that remaineth among them in the midst of their uncleanness,” verses 15, 16; “And he shall go out (of the Holy of Holies) unto the altar that is before the Lord (in the Holy) and make an atonement for it; and shall take of the blood (for himself), and of the blood of the goat (for the people), and put it upon the horns of the altar round about. And he shall sprinkle of the blood upon it with his finger seven times, and cleanse it, and hallow it from the uncleanness of the children of Israel,” verses 18, 19. The altar was the golden altar of incense in the Holy upon which the blood of individual atonements was sprinkled during the daily ministration. Thus it received the uncleanness from which it is now cleansed. Exodus 30:1- 10; “Aaron shall make an atonement upon the horns of it (the Altar of Incense) once a year, with the blood of the sin-offering of atonement.” We see from verse 20, that at this stage of the work “he hath made an end of reconciling the holy place, and the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar,” i.e. the Holy of Holies, the Holy, and the altar in the latter.
We have before seen that atone, reconcile, cleanse, etc., signify the same, hence at this stage he has made an end of cleansing those places. As the blood of atonements for the forgiveness of sins was not sprinkled in the court, but in the tabernacle only, the entire work of cleansing the Sanctuary was performed within the tabernacle. These were holy things, yet cleansed yearly. The holy place within the veil contained the ark of the covenant, covered with the mercy-seat, overshadowed by the cherubims, between which the Lord dwelt in the cloud of divine glory. Who would think of calling such a place unclean? Yet the Lord provided at the time, yea, before it was built, that it should be annually cleansed. It was by blood, and not by fire, that this Sanctuary, which was a type of the new covenant Sanctuary was cleansed.
The high priest on this day “bore the iniquities of the holy things which the children of Israel hallowed in all their holy gifts.” Exodus 28:38. These holy things composed the Sanctuary. Numbers 18:1. “And the Lord said unto Aaron, Thou, and thy sons, and thy father’s house with thee shall bear the iniquity of the Sanctuary.” This “iniquity of the Sanctuary” we have learned was not its own properly, but the children of Israel’s, God’s own people’s, which it had received from them. And this transfer of iniquity from the people to their Sanctuary was not a mere casualty, incident on scenes of lawless rebellion, bloodshed or idolatry among themselves, not the devastation of an enemy; but it was according to the original arrangement and regular operation of this typical system. For we must bear in mind that all the instructions were given to Moses and Aaron before the erection of the Sanctuary. Provision was made to make atonement for sins committed in ignorance; but not till
after they were known, Leviticus 4:14, 5:3-6, then of course they became sins of knowledge. Then the individual bore his iniquity, Leviticus 5:1-17; 7:1-8, till he presented his offering to the priest and slew it, the
priest made an atonement with the blood, Leviticus 17:11, and he was forgiven, then of course free from his iniquity.

Now at what point did he cease to bear his iniquity? Evidently when he had presented his victim slain; he had then done his part. Through what medium was his iniquity conveyed to the Sanctuary? Through his victim, or rather its blood when the priest took and sprinkled it before the veil and on the altar. Thus the iniquity was communicated to their Sanctuary. The first thing done for the people on the tenth day of the seventh month was to cleanse it, thence by the same means, the application of blood. This done, the high priest bore the “iniquity of the Sanctuary” for the people “to make atonement for them,” Leviticus 10:17. “And when he hath made an end of reconciling the holy place (within the veil, verse 2) and the tabernacle of the congregation and the altar (or when he hath cleansed the Sanctuary), he shall bring the live goat: And Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions and all their sins, putting them upon the head of the goat, and shall send him away by the hand of a fit man into the wilderness: And the goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities into a land not inhabited (margin, of separation) Lev 16:20-22. This was the only office of the scape-goat, to finally receive and bear away from Israel all their iniquities into an uninhabited wilderness and there retain them, leaving Israel at their Sanctuary, and the priest to complete the atonement of the day by burning the fat of the sin offerings, and offering the two rams for burnt-offerings on the brazen altar in the court, verses 24, 25. The burning without the camp of the carcasses of the sin-offerings closed the services of this important day, verse 27.

THE ANTITYPE

As this legal system which we have been considering was only a “shadow”, a “figure” and “patterns” of no value in itself only to teach us the nature of that perfect system of redemption which is its “body”, the “things themselves”; which was devised in the councils of heaven, and is being wrought out by “the only Begotten of the Father”; let us, guided by the Spirit of truth, learn the solemn realities thus shadowed forth. By these patterns, finite as we are, we may like Paul, extend our research beyond the limits of our natural vision to the “heavenly things themselves”. Here we find the entire ministry of the law fulfilled in Christ, who was anointed with the Holy Ghost and by His own blood entered His Sanctuary, heaven itself, when He ascended to the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens, as “A minister of the (Hagion) Holies, etc., Hebrews 8:6, 2 — Paul, after speaking of the daily services in the Holy, and the yearly in the Holy of Holies, says, Hebrews 9:8, “The Holy Ghost this signifying that the way of the Holies (Hodon Hagion) was not yet made manifest; while as the first tabernacle was yet standing, which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered” etc., “until the time of reformation: But Christ being come, an High Priest of the (ton) good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, “by His own blood He entered on or into the holy things” (eis hagia) Hebrews 9:8-12. The phrase, eis hagia, verse 12, is the same as that rendered “holy places”, verse 24. Hagia, in these two verses, is in the acc. pl. neuter and governed by the prep. eis which signifies on, into, upon, or among, Hagia, being a neuter adjective, is properly rendered “holy things”; but Hagia in verse 2, is in the nom. sin. fem. and properly rendered, Holy place. The definite article “the”, belonging before “good things” in verse 11 and Hebrews 10:1 makes the expression mean things “good in themselves, or abstractly good.”
This shows the perfect harmony of Hebrews 9:11, 12, 23, 24, and Hebrews 10:1. The “things” are “good in themselves”, “holy”, or “heavenly”, and in “heaven itself”, where Christ has entered as our High Priest to “minister” for us; and those “holy things” “in heaven” are connected with the “greater and more perfect tabernacle”, “which the Lord pitched and not man”; the same as the holy things of the first covenant were connected with their tabernacle, Hebrews 9:1-5; and all those holy things together make the Sanctuary. The Holies (two) verse 8, the way of which was not made manifest till the time of reformation, when Christ shed His own blood, belong to His “greater and more perfect tabernacle”, spoken of in the next verse. I translate the names literal, because they are not literal in our common version. The Douay Bible has them as here given. The word in Hebrews 9:8,10,19, is Hagion, “of the Holies”, instead of the “holiest of all”; and shows that the blood of Christ is the way or means by which He, as our High Priest was to enter both apartments of the heavenly tabernacle. Now if there be but one place in the heavens, as many say, why were there two in the figure? And why, in applying the figure, does Paul speak of two? Perhaps those who “despise the law” and “corrupt the covenant of Levi” can explain this; if not, we advise them to abide by Paul’s exposition of the matter.
Hebrews 6:19, 20 is supposed to prove that Christ entered the Holy of Holies at His ascension, because Paul said He had entered within the veil. But the veil which divides between the Holy and the Holy of Holies is “the second veil”, Hebrews 9:3; hence there are two veils, and that in Hebrews 6, being the first of which he speaks, must be the first veil, which hung before the Holy, and in Exodus was called a curtain. When He entered within the veil, He entered His tabernacle, of course the Holy, as that was the first apartment; and our hope, as an anchor of the soul, enters within the veil, i.e., the atonement of both apartments, including both the forgiveness and the blotting out of sins.
Those who hold that Christ entered the Holy of Holies at, and has been ministering therein ever since His ascension, also believe, as of course they must, that the atonement of the Gospel Dispensation is the antitype of the atonement made on the tenth day of the seventh month under the law. If this is so, the events of the legal tenth day, have had their antitypes during the Gospel Dispensation. The first event in the atonement service of that day, was the cleansing of the Sanctuary, as we have seen from Leviticus 16. Then, upon their theory, the Sanctuary of the new covenant was cleansed in the early part of the Gospel Dispensation.
Evidence is not wanting that neither the earth nor Palestine, their Sanctuaries, was then cleansed. I call
them their Sanctuaries, for they are not the Lord’s. But if the Lord’s new covenant Sanctuary was then cleansed, the 2300 days ended then; but if they are years, which we all believe, they extend 1810 years beyond the 70 weeks, and the last of those weeks was the first of the new covenant or Gospel Dispensation. The fact that those days reach 1810 beyond the 70 weeks, and that the Sanctuary could not be cleansed till the end of those days, is demonstration that the antitype of the legal tenth day is not the Gospel Dispensation; but a period following that Dispensation.
Again, if the atonement of that day is typical of the atonement of the Gospel Dispensation, then the atonement made in the Holy, Hebrews 9:6, previous to that day, was finished before the Gospel Dispensation began. It has been shown that that atonement was made for the forgiveness of sins, and I have found no evidence that such an atonement was made on the tenth day of the seventh month.
The Gospel Dispensation began with the preaching of Christ, and if it is the antitype of the legal tenth day, one of the two things is true; either the Savior, instead of fulfilling, has destroyed the greater part of the law, the daily service of the Holy which occupied the whole year except one day, the tenth of the seventh month; or else He fulfilled the whole law except one three hundred and sixtieth part of it before the Gospel Dispensation began, and before He was anointed as the Messiah to fulfill the law and the prophets. One of these two conclusions is inevitable on the hypotheses that the Gospel Dispensation and the atonement made in it, is the antitype of the legal tenth day, and the atonement made in it. Upon which of these horns will they hang? If on the former, the declaration, “I came not to destroy the law”, pierces them; but if they choose the latter, it then becomes them to prove that the law, which had a shadow of good things to come, was fulfilled within itself, that the shadow and substance filled the same place and time; also they will need to prove that the entire atonement for the forgiveness of sins was made before the Lamb was slain with whose blood the atonement was to be made.
Now it must be clear to every one, that if the antitype of the yearly service (Hebrews 9:7), began at the first Advent, the antitype of the daily (Hebrews 9:6), had been previously fulfilled; and, as the atonement for forgiveness was a part of that daily service, they are involved in the conclusion that there has been no forgiveness of sins under the Gospel Dispensation. Such a theory is wholly at war with the entire genius of the Gospel Dispensation, and stands rebuked, not only by Moses and Paul, but by the teaching and works of our Savior and His commission to His apostles, by their subsequent teaching and the history of the Christian church. But again, they say the atonement was made and finished on Calvary, when the Lamb of God expired. So men have taught us, and so the churches and world believe; but it is none the more true or sacred on that account, if unsupported by Divine authority. Perhaps few or none who hold that opinion have ever tested the foundation on which it rests.
1. If the atonement was made on Calvary, by whom was it made? The making of the atonement is the work of a Priest? but who officiated on Calvary? — Roman soldiers and wicked Jews.
2. The slaying of the victim was not making the atonement: the sinner slew the victim, Leviticus 4:1-4, 13-15, etc., after that the Priest took the blood and made the atonement. Leviticus 4:5-12, 16-21.
3. Christ was the appointed High Priest to make the atonement, and He certainly could not have acted in that capacity till after His resurrection, and we have no record of His doing any thing on earth after His resurrection, which could be called the atonement.
4. The atonement was made in the Sanctuary, but Calvary was not such a place.
5. He could not, according to Hebrews 8:4, make the atonement while on earth. “If He were on earth, He should not be a Priest.” The Levitical was the earthly priesthood, the Divine, the heavenly.
6. Therefore, He did not begin the work of making the atonement, whatever the nature of that work may be, till after His ascension, when by His own blood He entered His heavenly Sanctuary for us.
Let us now examine a few texts that appear to speak of the atonement as passed. Romans 5:11; “By whom we have now received the atonement,” (margin, reconciliation). This passage clearly shows a present possession of the atonement at that time the apostle wrote; but it by no means proves that the entire atonement was then in the past.
When the Savior was about to be taken up from His apostles, He “commanded them that they should not depart from Jerusalem, but wait for the promise of the Father,” which came on the day of Pentecost when they were all “baptized with the Holy Ghost.” Christ had entered His Father’s house, the Sanctuary, as High Priest, and began His intercession for His people by “praying the Father” for “another Comforter”, John 14:15, “and having received of the Father the promise of the Holy Ghost,” Acts 2:33, He shed it down upon His waiting apostles. Then, in compliance with their commission, Peter, at the third hour of the day began to preach, “Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ, for the remission of sins,” Acts 2:38. This word remission, signifies forgiveness, pardon or more literally sending away of sins.
Now put by the side of this text another on this point from his discourse at the ninth hour of the same day, Acts 3:19, “Repent ye therefore; and be converted that your sins may be blotted out when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord.” Here he exhorts to repentance and conversion (turning away from sins); for what purpose? “That your sins may be (future) blotted out.” Every one can see that the blotting out of sins does not take place at repentance and conversion; but follows, and must of necessity be preceded by them. Repentance, conversion, and baptism had then become imperative duties in the present tense; and when performed, those doing them “washed away” (Acts 22:16) remitted or sent away from them their sins. (Acts 2:28); and of course are forgiven and have “received the atonement”; but they had not received it entire at that time, because their sins were not yet blotted out.
How far then had they advanced in the reconciling process? Just so far as the individual under the law had when he had confessed his sin, brought his victim to the door of the tabernacle, laid his hand upon it and slain it, and the priest had with its blood entered the Holy and sprinkled it before the veil and upon the altar and thus made an atonement for him, and he was forgiven. Only that was the type, and this the reality. That prepared for the cleansing of the great day of atonement, this for the blotting out of sins “when the times of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord, and He shall send Jesus.” Hence, “by whom we have now received the atonement” is the same as “by whom we have received forgiveness of sin.” At this point the man is “made free from sin.” The Lamb on Calvary’s cross is our victim slain; “Jesus the Mediator of the new Covenant” “in the heavens” is our interceding High Priest, making atonement with His own blood, by and with which He entered there. The essence of the process is the same as in the “shadow”. 1st, Convinced of sin; 2d, Repentance and Confession; 3d, Present the Divine sacrifice bleeding. This done in faith and sincerity we can do no more, no more is required.
Then in the heavenly Sanctuary our High Priest with his own blood makes the atonement and we are forgiven. 1 Peter 2:24; “Who His own self bare our sins in His own body on the tree.” See also Matthew 8:17; Isaiah 53:4-12. His body is the “one sacrifice” for repenting mortals, to which their sins are imputed, and through whose blood in the hands of an active Priest they are conveyed to the heavenly Sanctuary. That was offered “once for all”, “on the tree”; and all who would avail themselves of its merits must through faith, there receive it as theirs, bleeding at the hands of sinful mortals like themselves. After thus obtaining the atonement of forgiveness we must “maintain good works”, not the “deeds of the law”; but “being dead to sin should live unto righteousness.” This work we all understand to be peculiar to the Gospel Dispensation.
The Age To Come. All believers in the Bible expect a glorious age to follow the present, and entertain some ideas of its nature which they profess to have drawn from the Bible. The churches think the Bible teaches the final triumph of Christian principles in the conversion of all nations; while we believe that the glories of that age will be ushered in by the personal and visible Advent of Jesus, the resurrection and change of his saints and the destruction of his enemies. Hence all admit our license to inquire and speak the nature of that age, and certainly we have liberty to learn what the scriptures say on the subject.
Luke 20:34,35: “And Jesus answering said unto them, The children of this world [age] marry and are given in marriage; but they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world [age] and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry nor are given in marriage.” “That world” is placed in contrast with “this world” — in “this” they marry and are given in marriage, in “that” they shall do neither; but are exempt from death and are like the angels. Thus he teaches a future and peculiar age, to enjoy which we must also obtain the resurrection from the dead. It will be an age of rewards, “Thou shalt be recompensed at the resurrection of the just.” “Blessed is he that shall eat bread in the Kingdom of God.” “Verily, I say unto you, That ye which have followed me in the regeneration, when the Son of Man shall sit in the throne of his glory, ye also shall sit upon 12 thrones judging the 12 tribes of Israel.” Our Father’s Kingdom for which we now pray will then have come, when His will be done on earth as it is in heaven. It will be “the day of the Lord,” “the day of judgment & perdition of ungodly men,” “in which the heavens and earth which are now shall pass away and the promised New Heavens and earth appear.
This identifies “the age to come” with “the times of restitution,” “Apokalastasix, restoration of any thing to its former state, hence, the introduction of a new and better era: and “the times of refreshing” “Anapsuxis, refreshing coolness after heat, recreation, rest.” The identity of “the times of restitution” with “The Dispensation of the fullness of times” Eph. 1:10 is also apparent. As Peter in Ac. 3: presents the two cardinal points in the atonement, conversion present, and blotting out of sins future: So Paul in this Epistle, ch. 1:7, says, “In whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins.” At the same time we receive the Holy Spirit of promise, the earnest of our inheritance, ver. 13, 14, which makes known to us the mystery of his will, “That in the dispensation of the fullness of times he might gather together all things [en, in, or by,] Christ, both which are in heaven and which are on earth.” This gathering is the future object of hope the same as the redemption deliverance procured by the payment of a ransom of the purchased possession. Ver 14; The things to be gathered are in heaven and earth. Anakephalaioo, signifies to bring or reduce back again under one head. That is, the different and sundered parts of the Kingdom, Capitol and King “in heaven,” the subjects and territory “on the earth,” are to be redeemed or gathered again into one kingdom under one “Head,” of the Son of David, and the Dispensation of the fullness of times is the period in which it is to be done. This is the period of inheritance and follows that “of heirship,” the dispensation of grace, ch. 3:2, 6. In it the promises of the covenants in their largest sense will be inherited.
We think it has been shown that the atonement of the Gospel dispensation is the antitype of that made by the priests in their daily service, and that prepared for and made necessary the yearly atonement, and cleansed the Sanctuary and the people from all their sins. It appears like certainty that the antitypes of the daily ministration of the priests and the vernal types stretch through the Gospel Dispensation; as that composed but part of the atonement and antitypes, we have good reason to believe that the remaining antitype, the autumnal, and the remainder of the atonement, the yearly, will be fulfilled on the same principle as to time and occupy a period or dispensation of at least 1000 years.
“That age” will be highly exalted above “this age,” and form the stepping-stone to the unmingled fadeless and eternal glories of the earth redeemed and Edenized again. Who can find fault, if the Lord has given us in the law the shadows of that angel Who will not rather seek the Spirit of Truth which shall “bring all things to your remembrance,” even “the Law of Moses” and “show us things to come.” “the good things to come?” It will be literally an age of repairs, in which immortal saints will engage under the supervision of the King of kings — an age of restitution, of blotting out of sin with all its direful effects, the age for the redemption of the purchased possession, the grand and final Jubilee, in which all the captives of Zion in and out of the grave, being released and gathered from among the heathen and out of all countries, shall be cleansed from all their iniquities, posses their “own land,” and the wastes shall be builded. They shall be “one nation,” “And David my servant shall be king over them; and they shall have one shepherd: they shall also walk in my judgment, and observe my statutes, and do them. “And I will set my Sanctuary in the midst of them for evermore. — My tabernacle also shall be with them: yea, I will be their God, and they shall be my people. And the heathen shall know that I the Lord do sanctify Israel, when my Sanctuary shall be in the midst of them for evermore.” They shall know this when Satan shall gather them, Gog and Magog, from the four quarters of the earth about the “camp of the Saints and the beloved City,” (Rev. 20:8,9) when they shall “come into the land that is brought back from the sword. “the land of unwalled villages,” the desolate places that are now inhabited by “them that are at rest,” “that are gathered out of the nations, which gotten cattle and goods, that dwell in the midst of the land.” But every man’s sword shall be against his brother, and “fire from God out of heaven shall devour them” Ezek. 36, 37, 38 chs. We have seen that the Dis. following the Gos. Dis. is a day of cleansing. Even after the Lord has taken his people from among the heathen and gathered them out of all countries into their own land, which is evidently the same as bringing them up out of their graves into the land of Israel. “Then, [after the resurrection and they are brought into their own land] will I sprinkle clean water upon you, and ye shall be clean;” 36:24, 25.
To cleanse the people, that they might be clean from all their sins “before the Lord” was the object of the atonement of the tenth day of the seventh month under the law; Lev. 16:30. The evidence is satisfactory to my mind that that day is the type of the Dispensation of the fullness of times, the age to come. What! are we to be sinful and unclean when immortal? Let us “be patient.” “The righteous shall not make haste.” — The Lord says he will sprinkle them with clean water and cleanse them thereby after he has gathered them into their own land. Whether the sprinkling of water is literal or figurative, it shows that he will perform a cleansing process upon them. Blood and water issued from our Savior’s side. Objects under the law were cleansed by blood and water; and we have already seen that if those objects were physically unclean, as by the leprosy or any thing else, all such uncleanness had to be removed in preparation for the cleansing. The atonement was made for the object with blood or blood and water, and the atonement cleansed them. So our Savior after he had cleansed the leper of his disease commanded him to go and offer for his cleansing; Mark 1:41-44. So the people were themselves freed from their sins by the atonement previously made for them individually in the Holy, to prepare them for the yearly cleansing.
From this it is manifest that the whole house of Israel will need to have their sins forgiven and their vile bodies changed to fit them for the cleansing spoken of; Ezek. 36:25. The cleansing of the Sanctuary did not finish the cleansing for the people: for, after the Scape-goat had borne away all the iniquities of the people, the high priest had yet to offer the burnt-offerings and burn the fat of the sin-offerings on the altar in the court, which formed a part of the atonement of the day; and it required the whole atonement of that day to cleanse the people; Lev. 16:22-30.
The cleansing of the Sanctuary, in fulfillment of the law, is the first event in the antitype of the tenth day of the seventh month. We have seen, both from the New Testament and the Old, that this Sanctuary is not earthly but Heavenly, as the Sanctuary of the first covenant formed a part of New Jerusalem. Here an inferential objection arises, which in many minds overwhelms any amount of Bible argument on this point. It is, New Jerusalem cannot be defiled, hence needs no cleansing; therefore, New Jerusalem is not the Sanctuary. A very summary process of inferential deduction truly, especially for those who have said so much on the insufficiency of mere inferential testimony. We would advise them to review the grounds of their faith, and see how many and strong arguments they have for the earth or Palestine being the Sanctuary, and how many objections to the Sanctuary of the new covenant being where its Priest is, that are not entirely inferential; and then in place of their inferences, take the plain testimony of the Word and teach it.
But how was the Sanctuary defiled? The Sanctuary of the Old Testament, being on earth, could be, and was, defiled in various ways — by an unclean person entering it; “She shall touch no hallowed thing, nor come into the Sanctuary, until the days of her purifying be fulfilled;” Leviticus 12:4. It could be profaned by the high priest going out of it, while the anointing oil was upon him, for the dead; (Leviticus 21:12) by a man’s negotiating to purify himself; Numbers 17:20 see Numbers 19:20. All the chief of the priests and of the people polluted it by transgressing very much after all the abominations of the heathen; 2 Chronicles 36:14. “Surely, because thou hast defiled My Sanctuary with all thy detestable things, and with all thine abominations (idolatry), therefore will I diminish thee.” Ezekiel 5:11.
Moreover this they have done unto Me; they have defiled My Sanctuary in the same day, and have profaned My Sabbaths: for when they had slain their children to their idols, then they came the same day into My Sanctuary to profane it; Ezekiel 33:38,39. “Her priests have polluted the Sanctuary; they have done violence to the law.” Zephaniah 3:4. Antiochus polluted it by offering swine flesh upon its altar, 1 Maccabees 1:20-24. From these texts we can clearly see, that it was moral rather than physical uncleanness that defiled the Sanctuary in the sight of the Lord. True, it did become physically unclean, but that uncleanness had to be removed before the atonement was made by which it was reconciled or cleansed. See 2 Chronicles 29. And that, we have seen was the law of cleansing, Leviticus, chapters 12 to 15; the object must be made visibly clean, so to speak, so that we would call it clean, to prepare it for its real cleansing with blood. Now no one supposes that New Jerusalem is unclean or ever has been, as its type was when overrun, desecrated and desolated by Syrian, Chaldean or Roman soldiery, or trode by wicked priests. Even if it were, the removing of such defilement would not be the cleansing it was to undergo at the end of the 2300 days.
The Sanctuary was unclean in some sense, or else it would not need to be cleansed; and it must in some way have received its uncleanness from man. Removed, as the heavenly Sanctuary is from the midst of mortals and entered only by our Forerunner, Jesus, made an High Priest, it can only be defiled by mortals through His agency, and for them cleansed by the same agency. The legal typical process of defiling and cleansing the Sanctuary through the agency of the priest has been examined. With that in our minds, let us go to the New Testament. Paul says, Colossians 1:19,20, “For it pleased the Father that in Him should all fullness dwell, and having made (margin, making) peace through the blood of His cross, by Him to reconcile all things unto Himself; by Him I say, whether they be things on earth or things in heaven.” When “things on earth” are spoken of in connection or contrast with “things in heaven”, no one can understand them all to be in the same place. “Things in heaven” are to be reconciled as well as “things on earth”.
If they needed reconciling they were unreconciled; if unreconciled, then unclean in some sense in His sight. The blood of Christ is the means, and Christ Himself, the agent of reconciling to the Father both the things in heaven and the things on earth. People have an idea that in heaven where our Savior has gone, every thing is, and always was perfect beyond change or improvement. But He said, “In My Father’s house are many mansions; if it were not so, I would have told you. I go to prepare a place for you.” He went into heaven, and Paul says that the “building of God, an house not made with hands” is in the heavens; 2 Corinthians 5:1.

For what did He go to His Father’s house? “To prepare a place for you.” Then it was unprepared, and when He has prepared it, He will come again and take us to Himself. — Again, Hebrews 9:23, “It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.” What were the patterns? “The tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry,” (verse 21), which constituted the worldly Sanctuary; verse 1. What were the heavenly things themselves? The greater and more perfect tabernacle (verse 11), and the good things and the holy things (verses 11, 12). — These are all in heaven itself. “For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself,” verse 24. Paul here shows that it was as necessary to purify the heavenly things, as it was to purify their patterns, the worldly. It was therefore necessary. Why? He has before been speaking of the daily ministration of the priests, and its antitype, Christ’s mediation of the new covenant, “for the redemption of the transgressions” Under the former the blood of bulls and goats and the ashes of an heifer sanctified to the purifying of the flesh; but under the latter, the blood of Christ purges our conscience. Then (ver. 22) “without shedding of blood is no remission.” The necessity of cleansing the heavenly things, is induced by the atonement being made therein by the blood of Christ for the remission or forgiveness of sins and purifying of our consciences. And almost all things are by the law purged with blood. The patterns were purified “every year” (ver. 25) with the blood of bulls and goats: but in the antitype of that yearly expiation the heavenly things themselves must be purified with the blood of the better sacrifice of Christ himself once offered. This reconciles the “things in heaven” (Col. 1:20) and cleansed the Sanctuary of the new Covenant. Dan. 8:14.

THE SCAPE-GOAT

The next event of that day after the Sanctuary was cleansed, was putting all the iniquities and transgressions of the children of Israel upon the head of the scape-goat and sending him away into a land not inhabited, or of separation. It is supposed by almost every one that this goat typified Christ in some of His offices, and that the type was fulfilled at the first Advent. From this opinion I must differ; because,
1st, That goat was not sent away till after the High Priest had made an end of cleansing the Sanctuary,
Leviticus 16:20,21; hence that event cannot meet its antitype till after the end of the 2300 days.
2d, It was sent away from Israel into the wilderness, a land not inhabited, to receive them. If our blessed Savior is its antitype, He also must be sent away, not His body alone, but soul and body, for the goat was sent away alive, from, not to nor into this people; neither into heaven, for that is not a wilderness or land not inhabited.
3d, It received and retained all the iniquities of Israel; but when Christ appears the second time He will be “without sin”.
4th, The goat received the iniquities from the hands of the priest and he sent it away. As Christ is the Priest the goat must be something else besides Himself, and which He can send away.
5th, This was one of two goats chosen for that day, one was the Lord’s and offered for a sin-offering; but the other was not called the Lord’s, neither offered as a sacrifice. Its only office was to receive the iniquities
from the priest after he had cleansed the Sanctuary from them, and bear them into a land not inhabited, leaving the Sanctuary, priest and people behind and free from their iniquities. Leviticus 16:7-10:22.
6th, The Hebrew name of the scape-goat, as will be seen from the margin of verse 8, is “Azazel”. On this verse, Wm. Jenks, in his Comp. Com. has the following remarks: “(Scape-goat.) See diff. opin. in Bochart. Spencer, after the oldest opinion of the Hebrews and Christians, thinks Azazel is the name of the devil; and so Rosenmire, whom see. The Syriac has Azazel, the angel, (Strong one) who revolted.”
7th, At the appearing of Christ, as taught from Revelation 20, Satan is to be bound and cast into the bottomless pit, which act and place are significantly symbolized by the ancient High Priest sending the scape-goat into a separate and uninhabited wilderness.
8th, Thus we have the Scripture, the definition of the name in two ancient languages both spoken at the same time, and the oldest opinion of the Christians in favor of regarding the scape-goat as a type of Satan. In the common use of the term, men always associate it with something mean, calling the greatest villains and refugees from justice scape-goats. Ignorance of the law and its meaning is the only possible origin that can be assigned for the opinion that the scape-goat was a type of Christ.
Because it is said, “The goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities into a land not inhabited.” Leviticus 16:22; And John said, “Behold the Lamb of God, that taketh (margin, beareth) away the sin of the world,” it is concluded without further thought that the former was the type of the latter. But a little attention to the law will show that the sins were borne from the people by the priest, and from the priest by the goat.
1st, They are imparted to the victim.
2d, The priest bore them in its blood to the Sanctuary.
3d, After cleansing them from it on the tenth day of the seventh month, he bore them to the scape-goat.
And 4th, The goat finally bore them away beyond the camp of Israel to the wilderness.
This was the legal process, and when fulfilled the author of sins will have received them back again, (but the ungodly will bear their own sins), and his head will have been bruised by the seed of the woman; the “strong man armed” will have been bound by a stronger than he, “and his house (the grave) spoiled of its goods (the saints).” Matthew 12:29; see Leviticus 16:21, 22. The thousand years imprisonment of Satan will have begun, and the saints will have entered upon their millennial reign with Christ. The antitype of the legal tenth day, the Dispensation of the fullness of times, must begin long enough before the 1000 years of Rev. 20: to give time for the cleansing of the Sanctuary, and the antitype of confessing and putting the sins on the head of the scapegoat; which antitype covers the time occupied by “the last end of indignation;” the cry of God’s elect to be avenged. Luke 18:1, 8, the travail of Zion, (Ezekiel in the valley of dry bones), the loud cry of the 5th angel. Rev. 15:13, the Laodicean church. Rev. 3:14, and the 7 last plagues Rev. 15 & 16. Our limits will not admit of particulars here. The first resurrection is fixed at the appearing of Christ. 1 Thess. 4:16, and the beginning of the 1000 at the first resurrection. Rev. 20:4,5.
The Sanctuary must be cleansed before Christ appears; because:
1. He “was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for Him shall He appear the second time without sin unto salvation.” — Now as His last act in bearing the sins of many is to bear them from the Sanctuary after He has cleansed it, and as He does not appear till after having borne the sins of many, and then without sin; it is manifest that the Sanctuary must be cleansed before He appears.
2. The host are still under the indignation after the Sanctuary is cleansed, Daniel 8. Both the Sanctuary and the host were trodden under foot. “Unto 2300 days then shall the Sanctuary be cleansed,” or justified (margin). This is the first point in the explanation, and after this Daniel still “sought for the meaning of the vision,” and Gabriel came “to make him know what should be in the last end of the indignation.” In the explanation which follows; he says nothing about the Sanctuary, because that had been explained by the Wonderful Numberer. He now tells him about the host upon whom the last end of the indignation still rests after the Sanctuary is cleansed. This indignation is the Lord’s staff in the hands of the wicked to chastise his people. It was first put into the hands of the Assyrian and has been inherited by each of his successors, which have in turn been sent “against an hypocritical nation, to take the prey and to take the spoil and to tread them down like the mire of the streets.” Is. 10. The last end of the indignation is evidently the bitter persecutions, and the severe and searching trial of God’s people, after the Sanctuary is cleansed, and before the indignation is made to cease in the destruction of the little Horn, the fruit and the successor of the Assyrian, Daniel 8:25; Isaiah 10:12, 25.

3. The Sanctuary must be cleansed before the resurrection, for the Lord has provided a comforting message for His people, telling them that it is done. “Comfort ye, comfort ye My people, saith your God. Speak ye comfortably to Jerusalem, and cry unto her that her warfare (margin, appointed time) is accomplished, that her iniquity is pardoned: for she hath received of the Lord’s hand double for all her sins,” Isaiah 11:1,2 see Isaiah 40:1,2. Jerusalem and the Lord’s people are here spoken of, as the Sanctuary and host are in Daniel 8. His people, when Jerusalem’s appointed time is accomplished, are affected and are to be comforted by telling them that her iniquity is pardoned. This must be New Jerusalem, for there was never any time set for pardoning the iniquity of Old Jerusalem, which must have had iniquity of some kind and from some source, else she could not be pardoned of it. The fact that the Lord has commanded to comfort His people by telling them that Jerusalem’s iniquity is pardoned, is proof positive that she had iniquity, and that it will be removed before His people are delivered and enter her with songs and everlasting joy. This message is similar to that in Isaiah 52:9. After the good and peaceful tidings have been published, saying unto Zion, Thy God reigneth, it is declared, “The Lord has comforted His people, He hath redeemed Jerusalem.” — Jerusalem was in a state from which she had to be redeemed, and that before the resurrection; for the next verse says, “All the ends of the earth shall see the salvation of our God.”

THE TRANSITION

The opinion generally obtains that the seventh trumpet ushers in the Age to come. The first thing upon its sounding are “great voices saying, The kingdoms of this world are become the kingdoms of our Lord and of his “Christ.” These voices must be heard in the world in which those kingdoms are. It is also evident that the kingdoms sustain a different relation to God at the time these voices are heard, from what they did before the 7th trumpet sounded. The declaration, “He shall reign forever and ever;” and the humble expression of thanks from the four and twenty elders, (a symbol of the whole church.) “Because thou hast taken to thee thy great power and hast resigned,” shows that at that time he began to reign in a special sense. Such voices have been heard since the 7th moon ’44, and produced the effects here described, deep humiliation and profound gratitude. This change of the relation of the kingdoms of this world to Christ, is the same as making his enemies his footstool, (Heb. 10:13) which event was expected by him while he sat at the right hand of the Father fulfilling the daily ministration. vs. 11, 12.
Rev. 10 gives in part the character and circumstances of the transition from the Gos. to the following Dis. The angel that declares, “There should be time no longer,” is not the Lord at his appearing, for after uttering that oath he told John, “Thou must prophesy again.” Whatever the nature of this prophesying may be, it certainly follows the oath of vs. 6, 7.
I think we have misunderstood the 7th verse. We have understood or explained the 6th verse as the language of the angel, but the 7th as a declaration of John; whereas both verses are the language of the angel, the 7th being a qualification or explanation of the 6th, showing the manner in which time should close. The angel of the Philadelphia church, having “an open door,” gave the Midnight Cry with the solemn assurance of this oath. He swore, or positively declared, “That there should be time no longer, but in the days of the voice of the 7th angel, when he shall begin to sound, the mystery of God should be finished, as he hath declared to his servants the prophets.” — There are “days” (plural) in which the 7th angel begins to sound. Whether these days are literal or symbolic, which is most in accordance with the character of this book, they denote a short period of time, in which not only the 7th angel begins to sound, but the mystery of God is finished also. Thus we see that the mystery is finished, not in a point but in a period, and while the mystery is finishing, the 7th angel is beginning to sound.
What is the mystery to be finished? “The mystery of the gospel,” Eph. 6 : 19. “The mystery which was kept secret since the world began, but is now made manifest.” The riches of the glory of this mystery is Christ in you, the hope of glory, Col. 1:27. “The mystery of Christ, which in other ages was not made known unto the sons of men, as it is now revealed unto his holy apostles and prophets by the spirit; that the Gentiles should be fellow heirs, and of the same body, and partakers of his promise in Christ by the gospel” Eph. 2:4-6. It is the dispensation of the grace of God; ver. 2. These texts show that the mystery of God or Christ is the Gos. Dis. It is the period of hope and heirship. While we hope we pray for the object of hope, and that is glory — as exhibited on the Holy Mount, immortality, the Kingdom and society of Jesus. Until these are obtained we hope; and while we hope the mystery is not finished.- Again, we are heirs during the mystery of God, and when that is finished, we shall become inheritors. We must therefore conclude that the mystery of God will end with the mysterious change from mortal to immortality; 1 Cor. 15: 51-54. Then, as the Dispensation of the fullness of times begins with the 7th trumpet, and the Gos. Dis. reaches to the resurrection, it is manifest that the Dis. of the fullness of times, begins before the Gos. Dis, ends.- There is a short period of overlapping or running together of the two Dispensations, in which the peculiarities of both mingle like the twilight, minglings of light and darkness.
This was also the manner of change from the Dispensation of the Law to the Gospel. Gabriel said to Daniel, “Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city.” It is presumed that all agree that these 70 weeks reached to the end of the legal dispensation and no further. The Messiah came at the end of the 69 weeks and began to preach the gospel, (Mat. 1:14, 15; Mat. 4: 23) which Paul calls the New Covenant. And he continued this covenant with many for one week, the last one of the 70. Hence, the legal Dispensation ended seven years after the Gos. Dis. began; and the last symbolic week of one was the first of the other; and while one was being finished, the other was being introduced and confirmed or established. Whether that period is an express type of the crisis period between the Gos. Dis. and the Dispensation of the fullness of times or not, it furnishes a strong argument from analogy, corroborating the plain testimony of the Word, that there must be such a period. I see no evidence that the latter must be of the same length of the former: To learn its length we must have recourse to other sources of evidence. Yet there is a striking similarity between them.
At that time the world and the mass of God’s professed people were unbelieving, and greatly indifferent about the transpiring events in the Providence of God, momentous as they were. The adherents to the new era were a sect everywhere spoken against. They had little or no reverence for the old and commandments nullifying traditions of Judaism. They were called movers of seditions, endangering the place and nation; drunken, because filled with the Holy Ghost; and mad, because mighty in the truth. They had peculiar faith; and their preaching and conduct were such as to cause the professors to accuse them of breaking the law; and finally they denounced and excluded the whole Jewish nation of religionists en mass for their infidelity. — The teaching and practice even of our Savior and the apostles appeared to them contradictory — at times they seemed to recognize the authority of the law, and then again totally to disregard it, and insist upon the new order of things. He resolved their ten commandments into two, dismissed the woman without being stoned according to the law, forgave sins without the legal sacrifices, healed without requiring to offer according to law, and that even on the Sabbath day; and yet declared that he came not to destroy the law, but to fulfill it. Again, when he had healed a leper, he charged him to go and show himself to the Priest and offer for his cleansing those things which Moses commanded. He also ate the Passover according to law. Both he and his apostles, on some occasions excluded, and on others admitted the Gentiles to privileges, which according to the law could be enjoyed only by the Jews. Thus they recognized the presence and claims of both dispensations at the same time; one entering and displacing the other, not instantly, but gradually, by a succession of events, each distinct in itself, but all connected in harmony, transpiring in fulfillment of prophecy, and forming the circumstances of the Advent, which was one distinct event, and the nucleus of all the rest. A little before his crucifixion Jesus came as King to Jerusalem, the Metropolis and Capitol of that Dis.; the City was under his absolute authority for a time; he had declared its house desolate and now entered and cleansed the temple.
As then, so now, according to the Scriptures, a series of events constitute the circumstances of our Lord’s
appearing, and form the crisis of the two Dispensations. In that period his crucifixion and resurrection were the principle events to which all others are subservient. But there are other events connected with these, and which must of necessity precede them. One of these event as we have already seen is the cleansing of the Sanctuary. Another is the marriage. That Christ ever was or ever will be married as human beings are, no one pretends; but that there is a divine transaction, illustrated for our understanding under the figure of a marriage, it is infidelity to deny. Christ is the Bridegroom and New Jerusalem the Bride. The marriage then signifies their union in a special sense, and of course must take place where the bride is, in the heavens. The heavens must receive Jesus till the times of restitution, then the Father will send him from the heavens. He went to his Father’s House in New Jerusalem, and when he has prepared it he will come again from it to receive us. True the word, Gamos, which is rendered marriage or wedding, signifies “the nuptial ceremony, including the banquet; but not the banquet alone, as some would have us believe. Where is the place of these transactions? With the Bride of course. When the Bridegroom came to the marriage then, he could not have come to the earth from heaven, for then he would have come from instead of to the marriage, but he must have come to the place of marriage, in New Jerusalem.
But, says one, How could he come where he was already? We must remember that the Bride is not a person, but a City, 12,000 furlongs or 1500 miles square. The central point and fountain of all it glory is the Ancient of days.- Christ doubtless has been personally within the limits of that City ever since his ascension, and when the cry in ’44 was given he came to the Ancient of Days and the scenes of marriage, which in their amplitude will occupy a great part, it not all, of the Dispensation of the fullness of times, then began. And, as when Christ comes again he will come from New Jerusalem after the scenes of marriage have there begun, every one will see that he will return to earth from the wedding, and we, waiting, will meet him and return with him to the bridal City to share in the festive joy.

Dear Brethren, I must close for the present and leave the subject with you. May the Lord correct and enlarge our conceptions of himself and his Plan, and direct our hearts into the patient waiting for Jesus. Let us in humble obedience follow the Lamb in the expanding developments of His Word and Providence.

Exodus 20:  the Ten Commandments spoken by God to the people (in the third month after leaving Egypt–Exodus 19:1)

Exodus 21-24:  Statutes and Judgments spoken by God to Moses for the people

Exodus 25-39:  Instructions for the Tabernacle given to Moses

Exodus 40:  The Tabernacle completed (on the first day of the first month of the second year–Exodus 40:17)

Leviticus 1-8+:  The Ceremonial Law spoken (from the Tabernacle of the Congregation–Leviticus 1:1)

Conclusion –

Paul, in the book of Hebrews, gives a very detailed explanation of this subject of what changed. If we look there carefully, we can see what ended and changed at the cross. When Jesus died, He was the fulfillment of certain types that pointed forward to Him, and these are what ended at the cross. Paul tells us that Jesus has a better Priestly ministry (the old priesthood ended), He was a better Sacrifice (the sacrificial system ended), and He serves in a better, Heavenly Tabernacle (the earthly temple is no longer necessary). These 3 parts of the Law – the priesthood, the sacrifices, and the temple – are all that changed. We are quite safe in assuming that if the New Testament does not tell us that something has been changed, then it remains. All other parts of what God gave His people – the Ten Commandments, the Statutes and Judgments, the dietary laws, etc. – are still valid.

The light given me is that we are to study more than we do the instruction given to Moses by God after He had proclaimed the law from Sinai. The ten commandments were spoken by God Himself, and were then written on tables of stone, to be preserved till the judgment should take place. After the giving of the law, God gave Moses specifications regarding the law. These specifications are plain and explicit. No one need make a mistake.

In the day of judgment we shall be asked whether we have lived in harmony with these specifications.   Australasian Union Conference Record 03/25/07

Since that time I have found a satisfactory solution.   The problem was cleared up as I searched Ellen White’s writings and came to a better understanding of the Ceremonial Law, which has been misunderstood and misidentified by many sincere Seventh-day Adventists.

Here is a typical definition: the ceremonial law = the law of Moses (everything written by Moses except the Ten Commandments).

If you agree with the above definition, read on.

When Jesus died on the cross, something came to an end. What was it? There are various perspectives on this, but we are told very clearly in Daniel 9:

And after threescore and two weeks shall Messiah be cut off, but not for himself: and the people of the prince that shall come shall destroy the city and the sanctuary; and the end thereof shall be with a flood, and unto the end of the war desolations are determined. And he shall confirm the covenant with many for one week: and in the midst of the week he shall cause the sacrifice and the oblation to cease, and for the overspreading of abominations he shall make it desolate, even until the consummation, and that determined shall be poured upon the desolate.  Daniel 9:26, 27

What ended at the cross was the system of sacrificial offerings.

Ellen White clarifies this: There are two distinct laws brought to view. One is the law of types and shadows (sacrificial offerings), which reached to the time of Christ, and ceased when type met antitype in his death. The other is the law of Jehovah, and is as abiding and changeless as his eternal throne. After the crucifixion, it was a denial of Christ for the Jews to continue to offer the burnt offerings and sacrifices which were typical of his death. It was saying to the world that they looked for a Redeemer to come, and had no faith in Him who had given his life for the sins of the world. Hence the ceremonial law ceased to be of force at the death of Christ.   Signs of the Times 07/29/86

The Ceremonial Law is defined here as “burnt offerings and sacrifices,” the same as in Daniel 9, “sacrifice and oblation.”

Does this include the entire Law of Moses?

Ellen White writes: In consequence of continual transgression, the Moral Law was repeated in awful grandeur from Sinai. Christ gave to Moses religious precepts which were to govern the everyday life. These statutes were explicitly given to guard the ten commandments. They were not shadowy types to pass away with the death of Christ. They were to be binding upon man in every age as long as time should last. These commands were enforced by the power of the Moral Law, and they clearly and definitely explained that law.   Review and Herald 05/06/75

The Law of Moses contains religious precepts, given in addition to the Moral Law (the Ten Commandments), that did not pass away at the death of Christ. They are separate from the Ceremonial Law.

Do we have an obligation to keep the Law of Moses?

The light given me is that we are to study more than we do the instruction given to Moses by God after He had proclaimed the law from Sinai. The ten commandments were spoken by God Himself, and were then written on tables of stone, to be preserved till the judgment should take place. After the giving of the law, God gave Moses specifications regarding the law. These specifications are plain and explicit. No one need make a mistake.

In the day of judgment we shall be asked whether we have lived in harmony with these specifications. It is because we do not carry out these specifications in all our dealings, in our institutions, our families, and in our individual lives, at all times, and in all places, that we do not make greater advancement. It is by the directions that God has given that we shall be judged at the last day.

Have we studied these specifications? I heard them one night some weeks ago. It seemed as if they were being given to Israel, and there was the same solemnity that there was when they were given. I thought, This is given to me that I may tell our people that we must study these specifications. When the directions that God has given are followed, our institutions will be pure and clean, free from all selfishness and covetousness. The tenderness of Christ will come in. His love will fill our hearts. A sense of God’s goodness will make us weep, and sing, and praise God. Then we shall be living channels of light, prepared to do His will.   Australasian Union Conference Record 03/25/07

Is the Law of Moses a part of the message that we are to give for the last days?

In these last days there is a call from Heaven inviting you to keep the statutes and ordinances of the Lord.   Signs of the Times 02/03/88

The closing words of Malachi are a prophecy regarding the work that should be done preparatory to the first and the second advent of Christ. This prophecy is introduced with the admonition, “Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments. “Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord; and he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smite the earth with a curse.   The Southern Review 03/21/05

Wonderful possibilities are open to those who lay hold of the divine assurances of God’s word. There are glorious truths to come before the people of God. Privileges and duties which they do not even suspect to be in the Bible will be laid open before them. As they follow on in the path of humble obedience, doing His will, they will know more and more of the oracles of God.   Testimonies for the Church, Vol. 8, p. 322

The Statutes and Judgments were not to pass away. They are obligations for each one of us to keep and are an integral part of the message for the last days.

By causing men to violate the second commandment, Satan aimed to degrade their conceptions of the Divine Being. By setting aside the fourth, he would cause them to forget God altogether. God’s claim to reverence and worship, above the gods of the heathen, is based upon the fact that He is the Creator, and that to Him all other beings owe their existence. Thus it is presented in the Bible. Says the prophet Jeremiah: “The Lord is the true God, He is the living God, and an everlasting King. . . . The gods that have not made the heavens and the earth, even they shall perish from the earth, and from under these heavens. He hath made the earth by His power, He hath established the world by His wisdom, and hath stretched out the heavens by His discretion.” “Every man is brutish in his knowledge: every founder is confounded by the graven image: for his molten image is falsehood, and there is no breath in them. They are vanity, and the work of errors: in the time of their visitation they shall perish. The portion of Jacob is not like them: for He is the former of all things.” Jeremiah 10:10-12, 14-16. The Sabbath, as a memorial of God’s creative power, points to Him as the maker of the heavens and the earth. Hence it is a constant witness to His existence and a reminder of His greatness, His wisdom, and His love. Had the Sabbath always been sacredly observed, there could never have been an atheist or an idolater.   Patriarchs and Prophets, p. 336

Statue or idol worship is becoming very common today. Perched on a mountain 3000 feet above Butte, Montana, is a statue of Mary called “Our Lady of the Rockies” that rises to the notable height of 90 feet. This is the same height as the image Nebuchadnezzar built on the plain of Dura. There are Mary statues around the world that cry real blood tears, drink real milk, or perform other supernatural things. Hindu idols do these things, also. Many people revere and worship these statues.

What about us? Are there idols in our lives? They may not be idols of metal or wood or stone made to look like strange animals or unearthly, human-like beings, but are there things made of metal and wood and stone that we live in or drive around in that are absorbing our energies and our resources so they are not available for God’s kingdom? How sad God must feel when his people do this.

We ought now to be heeding the injunction of our Saviour: “Sell that ye have, and give alms; provide yourselves bags which wax not old, a treasure in the heavens that faileth not.” It is now that our brethren should be cutting down their possessions instead of increasing them. We are about to move to a better country, even a heavenly. Then let us not be dwellers upon the earth, but be getting things into as compact a compass as possible.   Testimonies for the Church, Volume 5, p. 152

Wherefore do ye spend money for that which is not bread? and your labour for that which satisfieth not? hearken diligently unto me, and eat ye that which is good, and let your soul delight itself in fatness. Incline your ear, and come unto me: hear, and your soul shall live; and I will make an everlasting covenant with you, even the sure mercies of David.  Isaiah 55:2, 3

I have been studying the original Hebrew pictograph alphabet and have found some very interesting things. I would like to share an example. The Hebrew word for sabbath is shabbat. The original Hebrew pictograph characters had a very intrigueing meaning. The first letter was a picture of a set of teeth and meant to eat or rest; the second letter was a tent with a person in it meaning to sit in one’s tent; the third letter represented a sign or mark or covenant. The word shabbat is like a compound word that combines all these meanings into one: to rest in your tent as a sign of the covenant.

Speak unto the children of Israel, and bid them that they make them fringes in the borders of their garments throughout their generations, and that they put upon the fringe of the borders a ribband of blue: And it shall be unto you for a fringe, that ye may look upon it, and remember all the commandments of the LORD, and do them; and that ye seek not after your own heart and your own eyes, after which ye use to go a whoring: That ye may remember, and do all my commandments, and be holy unto your God.  Numbers 15:38-40

Blue is a symbol of God’s law. Israel was to have blue on their robes to remind them of the Commandments of God.   It was to remind them so they would not go into idolatry. The colors of the sanctuary were gold, purple, blue, scarlet, and white. The prostitute Babylon in Revelation 17 has all of these colors except for blue and white, law and purity.

Then went up Moses, and Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu, and seventy of the elders of Israel: And they saw the God of Israel: and there was under his feet as it were a paved work of a sapphire stone, and as it were the body of heaven in his clearness. And upon the nobles of the children of Israel he laid not his hand: also they saw God, and did eat and drink.  Exodus 24:9-11

Blue sapphire was the foundation of God’s throne. So the Law is the foundation of God’s throne and government since blue represents the Law. Also there is an ancient Jewish tradition that the original Ten Commandments, God’s Covenant with His people, were written on blue sapphire stone.

God wants to ratify that covenant in our heart. Will you enter into covenant with Him today?

The closing words of Malachi are a prophecy regarding the work that should be done preparatory to the first and the second advent of Christ. This prophecy is introduced with the admonition, “Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments. “Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord; and he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smite the earth with a curse.   The Southern Watchman 03-21-05

In these last days there is a call from Heaven inviting you to keep the statutes and ordinances of the Lord.   Signs of the Times, 02-03-88

Note: If you are interested in learning about the ancient Hebrew pictograph alphabet, check online at the Ancient Hebrew Research Center. I got a book called The Ancient Hebrew Language and Alphabet by Jeff A. Benner. It is very fascinating to learn about ancient Hebrew thought and culture, and how it relates to our understanding of scripture.

“The Law of Moses” was not Moses’ invention but God’s.

And if ye have erred, and not observed all these commandments, which the LORD hath spoken unto Moses, Even all that the LORD hath commanded you by the hand of Moses, from the day that the LORD commanded Moses, and henceforward among your generations; Then it shall be, if aught be committed by ignorance without the knowledge of the congregation, that all the congregation shall offer one young bullock for a burnt offering, for a sweet savor unto the LORD, with his meat offering, and his drink offering, according to the manner, and one kid of the goats for a sin offering.  Numbers 15:22-24

And all the people gathered themselves together as one man into the street that was before the water gate; and they spoke unto Ezra the scribe to bring the book of the law of Moses, which the LORD had commanded to Israel. Nehemiah 8:1

Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments.  Malachi 4:4

The Lord commanded everything Moses gave to the Israelites.

For the law was given by Moses, but grace and truth came by Jesus Christ. John 1:17

In this verse, the word “by” comes from the Greek word “dia” meaning “through,” “a channel.” Moses was only the channel through which God gave His Law; he was not the source of any part of that Law.

The “Law of God” and the “Law of Moses” are not two different laws.

Consider carefully what Jesus was saying in His well-known statement about the Law in the Sermon on the Mount.

Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfill. For verily I say unto you, Till heaven and earth pass, one jot or one tittle shall in no wise pass from the law, till all be fulfilled. Whosoever therefore shall break one of these least commandments, and shall teach men so, he shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven: but whosoever shall do and teach them, the same shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:17-19

Jesus is implying that the terms “law” and “commandments” are synonymous, and that all that is included in them is permanent and essential (except what Daniel tells us would cease: sacrifice and oblation–Daniel 9:27). Then He goes on to cite examples that include 2 of the Ten Commandments and 4 other items not mentioned in the Ten Commandments.

Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not kill; and whosoever shall kill shall be in danger of the judgment:  Matthew 5:21 (the 6th Commandment–Exodus 20:13)

Ye have heard that it was said by them of old time, Thou shalt not commit adultery:  Matthew 5:27 (the 7th Commandment–Exodus 20:14)

It hath been said, Whosoever shall put away his wife, let him give her a writing of divorcement:  Matthew 5:31 (from the Torah–Deuteronomy 24:1)

Again, ye have heard that it hath been said by them of old time, Thou shalt not forswear thyself, but shalt perform unto the Lord thine oaths:  Matthew 5:33 (from the Torah–Leviticus 19:12; Numbers 30:2)

Ye have heard that it hath been said, An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth: Matthew 5:38 (from the Torah–Exodus 21:24; Leviticus 24:20; Deuteronomy 19:21)

Ye have heard that it hath been said, Thou shalt love thy neighbor, and hate thine enemy.  Matthew 5:43 (from the Torah–Leviticus 19:18; Deuteronomy 23:6)

There is a very strong implication here that Jesus considered all of the scripture that Moses wrote (especially Exodus to Deuteronomy) to be the Law. The “Law of Moses” and the “Law of God” are not distinctive terms applying to different parts. They both speak of the same thing.

And when the days of her purification according to the law of Moses were accomplished, they brought him to Jerusalem, to present him to the Lord; (As it is written in the law of the Lord, Every male that openeth the womb shall be called holy to the Lord; (Exodus 13:2; 22:29; 34:19; Numbers 3:13; 8:17; 18:15)) And to offer a sacrifice according to that which is said in the law of the Lord, A pair of turtledoves, or two young pigeons (Leviticus 12) . And when they had performed all things according to the law of the Lord, they returned into Galilee, to their own city Nazareth.  Luke 2:22-24, 39

These verses apply the term “the law of the Lord” to various statutes regarding the firstborn and purification rites that are not in the Ten Commandments.

He that despised Moses’ law died without mercy under two or three witnesses:  Hebrews 10:28

This verse is speaking of the 10 Commandments as “Moses’ law.” (The 10 Commandments carried the death penalty. Other laws allowed a sin offering as a substitute for the sinner.)

From these few examples it seems quite clear that all of the laws, commandments, statutes, judgments, testimonies, or whatever label might be applied to what the Israelites were given while Moses was leading them (recorded for us in Exodus to Deuteronomy), were not partly God’s Law to be perpetuated and partly Moses’ Law to be eventually dispensed with.

Moses didn’t initiate any of the Law; it was (and is) all God’s Law.

The significance of the Jewish economy is not yet fully comprehended. Truths vast and profound are shadowed forth in its rites and symbols. The gospel is the key that unlocks its mysteries. Through a knowledge of the plan of redemption, its truths are opened to the understanding. Far more than we do, it is our privilege to understand these wonderful themes. We are to comprehend the deep things of God. Angels desire to look into the truths that are revealed to the people who with contrite hearts are searching the word of God, and praying for greater lengths and breadths and depths and heights of the knowledge which He alone can give.  Christ’s Object Lessons, p. 133